Pigmentation problems are common skin problems. There is a large number of skin condition that causes pigmentation loss or hyper-pigmentation in skin.
Pigmentation is a continuous process in skin responsible for the appearance and coloration of skin. White or dark spots appear in the skin if due the pigmentation related skin problems.
The name of coloring substance in skin is melanin. A darkish colored substance produced by special skin cells called Melanocytes.
In some pigmentation problems production of melanin increased from normal level such skin conditions termed as hyper-pigmentation.
And when production of melanin decreased or stop it called hypo-pigmentation or depigmentation in skin.
Due to hyper pigmentation dark spots or blotches appear on skin. In depigmentation white spots appear in different parts of skin where a deficiency of melanin occurs. Most common depigmentation problem is vitiligo skin condition.